Alzheimer’s Disease

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Dec 2022 - The FDA is at it again! Probe: FDA Bent Rules to Approve Aduhelm. The Washington Post, 30 Dec 2022, by Mark Johnson. The biotechnology company Biogen and its regulator, the Food and Drug Administration, worked in concert, ignoring internal concerns from the company and skirting the agency’s own written guidance, to allow the Alzheimer’s treatment Aduhelm to receive accelerated approval and hit the market at a cost to patients of $56,000 a year. Although the FDA often follows an advisory committee’s recommendation, it did not this time. After no member of the advisory committee recommended Aduhelm, the FDA changed course, allowing Biogen to move its drug to an accelerated approval process. At the FDA’s suggestion, the drug was labeled for use by the nation’s more than 6 million Alzheimer’s patients, even though it had been tested only on people with early Alzheimer’s and mild symptoms, the report said, an unprecedented alliance between the company and the FDA. In addition, the FDA’s approval ran counter to its own guidelines on early Alzheimer’s disease treatments, which said that “there is no sufficiently reliable evidence” that a drug’s effect on amyloid beta by itself would be enough to benefit patients. Scientists have expressed conflicting opinions as to whether amyloid beta is a cause of Alzheimer’s or simply a consequence of the disease.

Oct 2014 - Giant Break Though in Curing Alzheimer’s. Researcher, Rudolph E. Tanzi of Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston, has discovered a way to dramatically accelerate testing of new drug candidates. In a petri dish gel he grew human brain cells where they formed networks as in an actual brain. Then he added neurons genes from the Alzheimer’s disease. Within weeks the hard brillo-like clumps known as plaques formed and then the twisted spaghetti-like coils known as tangles — the defining features of Alzheimer’s disease. Previously, researchers had tried to grow the disease in a dish of liquid, but the neurons did not connect or develop plaques and tangles.

Dr. Tanzi has started a project to test 1,200 drugs on the market and 5,000 experimental ones that have finished the first phase of clinical testing — a project that is impossible with mice, for which each drug test takes a year. With their petri dish system, Dr. Tanzi can test hundreds of thousands of drugs in a matter of months. He is able to look at the best drugs designed to prevent the formation of the protein amyloid that clumps into plaques and ones that block the enzyme needed to make tangles after plaques are present.

Breakthrough Replicates Human Brain Cells for Use in Alzheimer’s Research - Oct 12, 2014 http://www.nytimes.com/2014/10/13/science/researchers-replicate-alzheimers-brain-cells-in-a-petri-dish.html?_r=0

Jan 6, 2013 - "New Alzheimer's Drug Shows Promise in Clinical Trials." According to the Harvard Health Letter, clinical trials for PBT2 show promise that this drug may be more helpful than any drug currently available for the treatment of this mind-robbing disease. The drug focuses on eliminating the plaques and tangles which are prevalent in the brains of Alzheimer's patients. Copper and zinc play a role in the formation of these plaques. PBT2 removes these metals from the amyloid proteins that form the plaques. The drug also encourages neuron growth and inhibits tangles from forming. Executive function (use of memory in planning, evaluating and executing ideas) in study participants was markedly improved.
http://voices.yahoo.com/new-alzheimers-drug-shows-promise-clinical-trials-11955991.html?cat=5

What You Can Do to Prevent Alzheimer’s Disease
1. Exercise Your Brain. The best exercise is learning. Enroll in a course, or use the internet to research a subject of interest.

2. Eat Right.

a. The Wrong Foods. Particular substances encourage inflammation (a suspected cause of Alzheimer's), like sugar, omega-6 fats (in corn, safflower, and peanut oils), and those nasty trans-fats in many prepared snacks and “prime” red meats. Stop eating them. Generally when selecting meats they should be lean with a low fat content. Expensive meats that are “prime” are high in fat and are not the way to go. And preliminary evidence indicates that taking folic acid (Vitamin B9) dietary pills might be related to Alzheimer's disease. You should consult your physician before taking any pill form of folic acid, or for that matter any vitamin pill. But don’t stop eating natural foods containing folate; they are good for you.
http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/folate/NS_patient-folate
http://www.vitamins-supplements.org/folic-acid.php

b. Coffee is good for you, but only in moderation. Urologists warn again more than one cup a day if you are having prostate problems. Drinking too much coffee may even render health problem such as raising your stress level and raising your heart and blood pressure causing risk of cardiovascular disease. On the other hand, the boron in coffee helps to prevent prostate cancer and research published in the Journal of Neuroscience shows how caffeine intake not only appears to protect against Alzheimer's but may actually help those who already have the disease.
http://recipesourceonline.blogspot.com/2008/03/is-coffee-good-or-bad-for-your-health.html
http://alzheimers.about.com/od/research/a/Coffee_Alz.htm

c. Omega-3. A number of epidemiological studies have shown that eating foods high in omega-3 fatty acids provides a certain degree of protection against Alzheimer's. On the other hand, foods high in omega-6 have been shown to cause blood pressure and unhealthy cholesterol levels, the same important risk factors for Alzheimer's disease. Omega-6 is essential in creating opposing effects of Omega-3 and should be taken in a 1:1 balance, but our diets today already include so much Omega-6 that the average American is currently getting a ratio of Omega-6 to Omega-3 from 10/1 to 20/1. Foods highest in Omega-3 are dry roasted walnuts, flax seeds, mackerel, canned salmon, canned sardines, pumpkin seeds, Brazil nuts, sesame seeds, avocados, some dark leafy green vegetables (kale, spinach, mustard greens, collard greens, etc.), wheat germ oil, fresh water salmon, and cold-water fish (herring, mackerel, halibut, stripped bass, tuna, shark, and cod). Macadamia Nut Oil (the best cooking oil) is the only cooking oil with a favorable ratio of omega-3 to omega-6 and it has a high smoke point.
http://www.tufts.edu/med/nutrition-infection/hiv/health_omega3.html
http://www.cancer.org/docroot/ETO/content/ETO_5_3X_Omega-3_Fatty_Acids.asp

d. Antioxidants. Alzheimer's is stimulated by too few antioxidants. Here are the best antioxidants for prevention: https://overcomersbreastcancer.com/best-antioxidants-2019/?gclid=EAIaIQobChMI-qOljNHt6gIVCYvICh1WVAGtEAAYASAAEgK2BPD_BwE

(1) Carnosine (http://spacispace.com/pr031.htm) is one of the most powerful antioxidants known. Carnosine helps to maintain the body’s proteins which fight body diseases associated with aging, including Alzheimer’s. Carnosine is found in breast of chicken, duck and turkey meat, lean beef, (such as cuts that end in -loin, such as sirloin and tenderloin), calves' liver, game meats (bison and deer), and fish. - http://www.ams.usda.gov/howtobuy/meat.htm. For chicken and turkey always select a premium brand since cheaper brands can be contaminated with harmful bacteria, especially salmonella.http://www.eatturkey.com/ & http://www.nationalchickencouncil.com/See turkey recipes - http://www.norbest.com/c_type_dish.cfm

(2) Curcuminoids. This is an antioxidant polyphenol pigment found in the spice turmeric. It is among the most powerful anti-inflammatory antioxidants that may dramatically reduce the chance of developing Alzheimer's disease. In laboratory studies at the University of Texas, preliminary research found turmeric to be useful in preventing and blocking the growth of cancer such as melanoma tumor cells, breast cancer, colon cancer and other cancers. It also acts as a natural antibiotic to relieve intestinal gas. Turmeric is the primary ingredient in curry powder which has been used for centuries in Eastern medicine.
http://www.mothernature.com/Library/Bookshelf/Books/54/15.cfm
http://www.mind-sports.com/turmeric.htm
http://www.womens-health-questions.com/benefitsofturmeric.html
http://www.azcentral.com/arizonarepublic/arizonaliving/articles/1010qaweil1010.html

(3) Flavonoids - Apples. A potent antioxidant abundant in apples appears to protect brain cells against oxidative stress, a tissue-damaging process associated with Alzheimer's and other neurodegenerative disorders.
http://nutraingredients.com/news/ng.asp?id=56112&n=dh322&c= http://www.nutritionj.com/content/3/1/5#B18

(4) Flavonoids - Strawberries prevent memory loss. A new study seems to indicate that strawberries may be useful for preserving learning and memory as we age. The study published in Neurobiology of Aging, and was conducted by researchers at the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston. Strawberries are very high in antioxidants, which may account for its status as an excellent brain food. http://www.smart-kit.com/index.php?s=decline

(5) Flavonoid Quercetin. Tests show Quercetin rich foods alleviate prostate pain and fight Alzheimer's by protecting brain cells against oxidative stress. Foods high in Quercetin include apples, onions, broccoli, kale, blueberries, cranberries red grapes, and red wine.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flavonoid

(6) Polyphenols - Green Tea. One cup of green tea provides 10 to 40mg of polyphenols, an antioxidant-rich food. It protects the brain and fights the memory-robbing effects seen with plaque deposits in Alzheimer's. http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2003/08/030805072109.htm
http://www.webmd.com/alzheimers/news/20050920/antioxidant-in-green-tea-may-fight-alzheimers

(7) Vitamin K. It is a stronger antioxidant than vitamin E. Vitamin K helps in the prevention of Alzheimer's disease. Leafy green vegetables, such as cabbage, spinach, kale, collard greens, and broccoli, are the best sources of Vitamin K.